The azimuthal asymmetry in the risetime of signals in Auger surface detector stations is a source ofinformation on shower development. The azimuthal asymmetry is due to a combination of the longitudinalevolution of the shower and geometrical effects related to the angles of incidence of the particles into thedetectors. The magnitude of the effect depends upon the zenith angle and state of development of theshower and thus provides a novel observable, sec(θ)max, sensitive to the mass composition of cosmic raysabove 3 × 10^18 eV. By comparing measurements with predictions from shower simulations, we find forboth of our adopted models of hadronic physics (QGSJETII-04 and EPOS-LHC) an indication that themean cosmic-ray mass increases slowly with energy, as has been inferred from other studies. However, themass estimates are dependent on the shower model and on the range of distance from the shower coreselected. Thus the method has uncovered further deficiencies in our understanding of shower modeling thatmust be resolved before the mass composition can be inferred from sec(θ)max.

Azimuthal asymmetry in the risetime of the surface detector signals of the Pierre Auger Observatory

I., De Mitri;
2016-01-01

Abstract

The azimuthal asymmetry in the risetime of signals in Auger surface detector stations is a source ofinformation on shower development. The azimuthal asymmetry is due to a combination of the longitudinalevolution of the shower and geometrical effects related to the angles of incidence of the particles into thedetectors. The magnitude of the effect depends upon the zenith angle and state of development of theshower and thus provides a novel observable, sec(θ)max, sensitive to the mass composition of cosmic raysabove 3 × 10^18 eV. By comparing measurements with predictions from shower simulations, we find forboth of our adopted models of hadronic physics (QGSJETII-04 and EPOS-LHC) an indication that themean cosmic-ray mass increases slowly with energy, as has been inferred from other studies. However, themass estimates are dependent on the shower model and on the range of distance from the shower coreselected. Thus the method has uncovered further deficiencies in our understanding of shower modeling thatmust be resolved before the mass composition can be inferred from sec(θ)max.
2016
ultra-high energy cosmic rays; mass composition; extensive air showers
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
2016_PhysRevD_23_DeMitri.pdf

non disponibili

Tipologia: Altro materiale allegato
Licenza: Non pubblico
Dimensione 1.22 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
1.22 MB Adobe PDF   Visualizza/Apri   Richiedi una copia

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12571/1522
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 31
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 20
social impact