Design of Training Environment: An Emulator of Water Supply System in Turin Node of Italian Cyber Ranges

John Keats said, “Nothing ever becomes real till it is experienced”. Therefore, we start our thesis with the case study of existing Water Management Cyber Physical System (WMCPS) in a suburban locality of Italy. We called this system as the EVA System. Later, we review existing Communication Protocols, Sensors and Actuators used in WMCPS. Since then, many reviews and design of water management system have been published; but though useful books of reference, they do not meet the standards that this thesis is intended to supply. In the first year, we have been collecting information and component with the intention of arranging them in such a way that anyone without much labour might gain the general idea of the water supply system using a training environment that my emulator provides. After that, we develop small emulator of WMCPS using environmental sensor, controllers and actuators. Water Flow sensor, Water Temperature Sensor and Water Level Sensor are some example physical sensors used in our design. Pump and Relay are the most common actuators which we use in our system. We work with people of Laboratorio Nazionale di Cyber Security (Cyber Security National Laboratory) and CINI - Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per l’Informatica (Italian National Inter-University Consortium for Informatics) and perform a systematic review and design of different attacks strategies for Water Management Cyber Physical System. Information Disclosure, Scanning: Accessible Folder, Exploitation: SQL Injection and Exploitation: Denial of Service (DOS) are four attacks strategies which we perform on our emulator with the help of the Cyber Security team of Leonardo Querzoni of Sapienza University of Rome. To understand communication among sensor, actuator and controller, we explore serial Communication among Controllers, Sensors and Actuators in Water management Cyber Physical System (WMCPS) using Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno as a controller. RS485 Modbus communication took place with TTL to Modbus Converter on Arduino. RS485 Modbus communication took place with USB to Modbus Converter on Raspberry. TCP/IP Modbus communication is implemented on final stage among one master and four slaves. For a proper understanding of working of sensors and actuators, we simulate WMCPS using EPANET Simulator. After the simulation of water flow and testing of communication protocols, we design Raspberry Pi based Water Management Cyber Physical System with and without SECUBE. The Python script is used to update sensors reading and actuator status on the MySQL database server. Depending on sensors reading, our master sends the command to actuators. For example, if the water level of sensor reading is reaching the threshold at tank X, then master stop the pump that is sending water to the tank X. We design a website http://cps4wm.info/ using PHP, CSS and HTML to show sensors reading and actuators status stored on MySQL cloud. In last, we explore the future scope of WMCPS with CISCO Cyber Range and Niagara Router.