QN-based Modeling and Analysis of Software Performance Antipatterns for Cyber-Physical Systems

Identifying performance problems in modern software systems is nontrivial, even more so when looking at specific application domains, such as cyber-physical systems. The heterogeneity of software and hardware components makes the process of performance evaluation more challenging, and traditional software performance engineering techniques may fail while dealing with interacting and heterogeneous components. The goal of this paper is to introduce a model-based approach to understand software performance problems in cyber-physical systems. In our previous work, we listed some common bad practices, namely software performance antipatterns, that may occur. Here we are interested in shedding light on these antipatterns by means of performance models, i.e., queuing network models, that provide evidence of how antipatterns may affect the overall system performance. Starting from the specification of three software performance antipatterns tailored for cyber-physical systems, we provide the queuing network models capturing the corresponding bad practices. The analysis of these models demonstrates their usefulness in recognizing performance problems early in the software development process. This way, performance engineers are supported in the task of detecting and fixing the performance criticalities.